Severe Bone Deformities In Young Children From Vitamin D Deficiency And Fluorosis in Bihar-India By A. L. Khandare, R. Harikumar, B. Sivakumar

A case-control study was undertaken to understand the etiopathology of the bone deformities among young children in a fluoride-affected village of the Bihar State. Two villages were selected: one village with high fluoride in drinking water (7.9 ± 4.15 ppm), and the other village with normal levels of fluoride (0.6 ± 0.31 ppm) as the control village. The source of drinking water was bore wells in both the villages. Two hundred and forty subjects from 54 households (HHs) of the highfluoride village (HFV) and 1443 subjects from 197 HHs of the control village were selected for the study. Dental mottling (DM) was observed in 50% and skeletal deformities of various forms were observed in 20% of the total population of HFV, whereas, in the control village, DM was 6% and skeletal deformities were absent. The prevalence of both, DM and skeletal deformities was high in the younger age group of 1.5 to 14 years. Genu valgum, genu varum, bowing of tibia, saber shin, and widening of the lower ends of long bones at the wrist were the typical skeletal deformities observed among affected children in the HFV. X-rays of the children with deformities revealed varying degrees of bending of bones and enlargement of epiphyseal ends of metaphyses with fraying of bone and ligamental calcification.

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